The discourse theory of democracy and public sphere in Habermas's ideas

Research and scientific explanation about discourse democracy theory of Jurgen Habermas  and studying and evaluating reflection and generalization of his philosophical and epistemological principles are objectives which the researcher follows in this research From this view, there is studied representation of concepts and categories such as cognitive interests, communication action, discoursing ethics, an ideal situation of the speech, and public sphere  as the most prominent components and principles of his democracy. These concepts were chosen and studied, because of their importance and situation of this topic in order to represent the logical relations between epistemology principles of Habermas and its resulted criteria and teaching with his democracy model. Therefore, it is tried that by searching thoughts and representing Habermas theoretical collection, there is clarified and identified democracy principles and criteria and its distinctive and theoretical components, besides analyzing discoursive Democracy model of Habermas and its capabilities in analytical–descriptive perspective and library studying. The researcher believes that the considered discourse democracy of Habermas has the deep philosophical roots, and it is considered as a part of knowledge foundation and a methodology focused on emancipation. He processes discursive Democracy  in a wide public sphere, by relying  to Ethics of Discourse, considering higher reasoning and by critical reading from modern rationality in the frame of communicative rationality concept, as which its objective and nature is a emancipation idea. Findings of this research show these political opinions and thoughts of Habermas have been resulted and affected from principles of his philosophical frame. Therefore, epistemological strong tracks of Habermas have been reflective in his appropriate democracy.